8x 4 12x 6 July 8, 2019 16 32 64 128 8x 4 12x 6 x 8x 6 12x 4 6x 2 1 12x 5 8x 4 6x 3 8x − 12 4 12x − 6 12x 4 8x 3 6x 2 by 2x 2 12x 4 6x 3 8x 2 8x + 1